Avoiding overshoot

Epidural anesthesia is a commonly used technique to anaesthetize lower regions of the body. However, the anaesthetizing procedure is risky. To obtain a better insight, a research project was conducted within the Department of Biomedical Engineering of Delft University of Technology, which specifically addressed the design of an epidural needle insertion simulator, psychophysical experiments and clinical results. This article highlights the design considerations of the simulator as well as the experimental results.